Saturday, May 10, 2014

donuts

When I was an intern last year, I spent a month rotating on the transplant service. We do about 3-4 kidney transplants a week, so taking care of them became relatively routine. A good portion of our patients who needed transplants had renal failure from diabetes, which is basically uncontrolled blood sugars.

So I had the pleasure of taking care of one such patient near the end of my transplant rotation. She had been given the gift of a kidney, and with proper care she might be able to avoid going back on dialysis for 10, 12 years. A precious gift, which she clearly didn't care about...

I get a page the morning of her second day in the hospital. which was less that 48 hours previously she had gotten the kidney. The kidney was working great, which was why I was so surprised about the page. Our nurses document everything in the computer, and her documentation reads as follows:

"Patient caught eating donuts in room. She apologized when blood glucose was found to be 403 [very hight!]. 12 units of Lispro given, patient thoroughly lectured, Dr. *** informed. Will continue to monitor. Donuts confiscated."

Mind blowing. We couldn't have found a better home for this kidney?

Tuesday, March 11, 2014

The Med Student Chronicles: Daylight savings time is not my friend

As a urologist, kidney's are part of my field. In fact, as I write this post I am sitting in the library waiting for a transplant to get started (the transplant surgeons do the artery and vein, and this particular patient has complex urological anatomy so we do the ureter).

It takes me back to my surgery rotation of 3rd year of med school. I knew pretty early that surgery was something I wanted to go in to and I was pretty excited. I started off the rotation on the surgical oncology service, and it was pretty busy. Each morning you came in around 4:30AM, and we ended up being there till about 7/8 most nights. Exhausting.

By the time Friday rolled around you were ready for the weekend. Unfortunately our school wanted us to get a feel for what a surgery residency was like, so they mandated weekend call. I had the luck of being the first one to take a weekend call, so that weekend I started Saturday at 5:30am,and was on till about Sunday at noon or so. I was honestly dreading it, but it is what it is and was hopeful I'd see some interesting trauma's or cases.

The day went by pretty smoothly, a few small trauma's but nothing to exciting. Around 8pm we headed down to the residents lounge and started watching some basketball. Around 9, the transplant resident who was on call rolls in and lets the team know they have a kidney coming in, and then looks at me and asks if I want to scrub in. Normally the residents let the medical students go sleep a bit around 10/11 unless any traumas came in, but this was a once in a lifetime chance! I was SO excited, and said of course I would like to scrub and help. I'd seen some pretty cool cases on the surgical oncology service, but a kidney transplant trumps all that. To take an organ and transplant it into someone else...crazy.

Anyways it takes about two hours for the kidney and the patient to make it into the OR, and by the time we finally make incision its about 11:30 on saturday night, already 18 hours into my shift with another 12 to go. Didn't matter, I was pumped, ready to go. Gonna watch a kidney transplant!

Everything starts off great. Nice big incision. As a brief aside, the reason as a medical student you always think about the incision is because really that's the only thing you get to do. In the days of laparoscopy with only a few small incisions, there aren't many opportunities for med students to practice closing. Thus we always look forward to big incisions. But anyways back to the case.

The attending and resident dissect down through the subcutaneous tissue, down to the bladder.  This is what it looked like at that point:







I had a pretty good view of what was going on, and had a hand on a retractor. Life is good.


Suddenly it all changed. See a kidney transplant essentially boils down to three major steps. Hook up the artery, hook up the vein, and hook up the ureter. The tricky part about kidney transplants is that sometimes you are working deep in the pelvis, and its tough to see and get an angle that deep in a patient's body. To compensate, the surgeon's turn their body and angle themselves to look down.
This is what it looked like



Literally all I could see was the residents back. He had a hairy back, with tufts of hair poking out above his scrub top.

I repositioned, and if I stood on the tip of my toes and totally angled my body and leaned over the table I could catch a glimpse of what was happening!

Ohhhh but it hurt my back so much. That lasted about five minutes, and I repositioned and once again could only see my residents back.

I start to nod off. The thing with being scrubbed is you have to keep your hands above your waist at all times, and there it nothing to lean on. It's really awkward, and by this time its 1:30 in the morning and I've been up for 20 hours. I needed to distract myself to stay awake.

I started counting my resident's back hairs. It seemed like an impossible task, but I was determined to get a number. That worked for about 15 minutes, but then the counting made me sleepy. 

Its 1:45 in the morning. When will this night end???

I start to think I could have been in bed right now. There is literally nowhere else in the world I'd rather be. If this was torture I would have broken a long time ago. 

Look back at the clock. Its 1:55. Time seems to have stopped. This needs to end. I hear someone mention bleeding, but at this point I'm in a delirious in between state with no concept of words.

I can't stop staring at the clock. 
1:59

I watch the seconds hand turn the corner, past the thirty. I can't believe its almost two in the morning, and I could have been in a nice bed. I wish I could see something, anything. The second hand turns, turns, and bam it's 2:00 

The clock stops. The minutes hand starts rolling backwards. 

What is happening? I rack my brain looking for an answer. I'm sure in my sleep addled mindset I'm hallucinating. Throughout all this, the minutes hand keeps rolling backwards, and then all of a sudden stops.

The clock shows 1:00.

It just doesn't make sense. It was just 2! How could it be 1? And then it hits me.

Its daylight savings time. That beautiful time of year, where the whole nation rejoices in a free hour of sleep. Well let me tell you my friends, nothing is free. That night daylight savings time equaled an extra hour of call, an extra hour of torture. 

And to top it off, at the end of the case when it was time to close? The attending says "Its been a long night, why don't you just use staples instead of suturing and be done with it"



Tuesday, February 25, 2014

The Med Student Chronicles: My first vaginal exam


Let's be honest, I knew OB-GYN was going to be a disaster.

It was my first rotation of third year. The first two years of med school are your preclinical years, you spend hours in the classroom and at home studying and getting the building blocks you use for the clinical years.

Second year culminates with the USMLE step I exam, which is kind of a final exam for the first two years of preclinical training. After passing it, you are graduated to third year and get to be on the floor with real patients. As all of us went to med school to be physicians, to interact with people is something you definitely look forward to. Our school had a lottery system for third year rotations, and I had one of the last numbers and little control over my schedule. I got stuck with OB-GYN as my first rotation which I was actually ok with it because I knew it was something I probably wouldn't be interested in.

OB-GYN is an interesting rotation. It's something that as a medical student and future physician its good to know the basics of, however most women aren't fans of letting a med student examining them (shocking!). It's this awkward interplay between wanting to do and see stuff, and then getting constantly rejected. Especially being the first rotation of third year, we were totally green and it showed.

My first week was on ultrasound and urogyn, which was pretty straightforward. Then I went to the hellhole that is labor and delivery. There were two med students at a time on L&D, one who would work 6am to 6pm and the other one would be on 6pm to 6am. L&D is just always busy, there would be 10-12 women at a time in some form or another of labor. The service was run by a chief resident and two junior residents on at all times, along with the attending and the med students. My chief resident while I was on nights was this really awesome guy, we got along great. Two guys standing strong in a sea of estrogen, or something like that.

Anyways, we did a ton of vaginal exams on L&D. Every couple of hours the residents would examine the patients and see how dilated their cervix was, and how close the baby was to popping out. My chief was pretty good about getting me involved, and as it was still early in the rotation I hadn't been horribly scarred yet and I wanted to do stuff. Some patients were not good candidates, but their was one lady who just didn't care. She was this huge (>300 pounds) Hispanic lady. She had a few kids before, and you could tell she just wanted to pop this one out and get home. Her first exam of the night showed her to be a few centimeters dilated, and she was probably going to deliver later that evening.

So the chief and I are hanging out in the call room, killing time waiting for someone to be ready to deliver. Around 2am we decide to tour the floor and see how everyone is progressing. He wanted to examine her, and after doing a couple with me earlier on rounds he trusted me enough to do the exam and let me tell him how far along she was. I have to mention, and this becomes relevant, is that he had chewed me out on the previous exam for staring too much. You see, in order to see how dilated their cervix is, we obviously have to do a vaginal exam. And having done very few of them, I would have the patients spread their legs, stare intently at their vagina while I tried to find the opening and get in there. Ironically enough, after spending years trying to get closer to vaginas, when finally given the opportunity I had a hard time finding em. Nonetheless, my chief hammered home the point that, while doing these exams, we aren't looking for anything but are just "feeling" how dilated their cervix is.

So back to our friend. We get to her room, and he sends me in first to examine her while he hangs out in the back. She speaks no English, and the extent of my Spanish is to tell her "yo no hablo espanol". Fortunately through a series of hand gestures I'm able to convey the message that its time for me to examine her. She spreads her legs, and I dive in. She has this vacant "been there, done that" look to her. This time I'm mindful not to stare, and choose to stare at the double chin on her double chin. Her legs are so big that my hand is engulfed, I feel like I'm a engulfed in a giant cavern of darkness.

I'm feeling around, feeling around trying to find her vaginal opening. It should take about 5 seconds to find the opening and get in, I'm approaching 20 seconds which is basically an eternity to be rooting around in someone's groin. My chief is getting antsy, and I hear him clear his throat.

This is my white whale. This is my Everest. I will find this vagina I tell myself. I redouble my efforts, and slide my hand down, down, down trying to find it. As I'm losing hope, as I feel my opportunity slipping away all of a sudden I feel an opening.

I'm in!

I confidently stick my finger in the hole I've found, ready to measure her cervix. As my finger slides in she shrieks and jumps up on the bed. At first, I'm confused, but then the reality quickly dawns on me. I'm in the wrong hole

You see, the anus lies right below the vagina in females. I had managed to entirely miss the vagina, and ended up doing a rectal sans lube.


As soon as I realized this, I withdrew my fingers. We locked gazes, and just stared at each other in utter shock. I silently begged her not to say anything, realizing that even if she wanted to neither of us spoke Spanish. I also was in a little bit of a dilemma regarding her vaginal exam. I didn't want to stick my poop covered fingers into her vagina, infecting her baby. I also didn't want to tell my resident what happened as I knew for the rest of my ob gyn rotation I would never live this down. I came up with a third option, and told him that I was having trouble doing the exam and if he could check himself. He gladly gloved up, and in about 5 seconds did a thorough and competent exam.

As I backpedaled out of the room, we briefly made eye contact again and she gave a little head shake. I'll never know for sure what she was thinking at that moment, but I like to think she was saying "thank you for trying, and your secret is safe with me".

Or she may have been saying "get the *%& out of my room, and never come back".

I'll never know.


Thursday, January 2, 2014

Mistakes

This is going to be a long post...I apologize

Everyone makes mistakes. Hell the internet is littered with quotes from famous people about mistakes.

"A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new."
- Some guy named Einstein

"A mistake is always forgivable, rarely excusable and always unacceptable."
- Robert Fripp

And it goes on.

Mistakes are different in the medical community. I alluded to it an earlier post. An athlete makes a mistake, his team might lose. An accountant makes a number, he has to make an embarrassing phone call to a client to fix his wrong.

A surgeon makes a mistake, and it can cost someone their life.

I'm by no means the first, nor will I be even close to the last to being a doctor - honestly barely a doctor a fresh graduate out of medical school - to make a mistake that has led to irreversible harm. In the surgical community, we even acknowledge that such mistakes exist and discuss them in a setting that is theoretically safe from judgement - the weekly M&M (morbidity and mortality) conference. The idea is that mistakes, as in any profession, happen and our goal should be to learn from them. This concept in itself is troubling, in essence it leads to a dichotomy between what physicians should strive to be, perfect, and the reality that like any other profession we will make mistakes.

This has been discussed previously. When I was a fourth year medical student a friend of mine introduced me to Atul Gawande, a surgeon who has written numerous books of his experiences in training. He actually has dedicated books to the topic, with a book called Complications, and another called The Checklist Manifesto that delve into the topics of mistakes and how to prevent them. Definitely great reading if you have time.

But reading about mistakes is one thing. I had read his books before starting my intern year. I knew residents who had made mistakes as medical students. It wasn't a big deal at the time. I think thats human nature. Despite our best intentions to empathize with other people, to put ourselves in their shoes and understand what they are going to we just can't. Very few people have that ability. Instead we recognize they are going through something, try and understand and be supportive, and forget about it 5 minutes later.

So enough rambling. I started intern year off on night float, made some very small mistakes that really were inconsequential, and overall had a great start to the year. I next went to colorectal, a notoriously busy service. I knew it was going to be long hours (and it was), but I loved it. I was always tired and overworked, but if you worked hard and could get to the OR in the afternoon the fellow was great about letting interns do alot. Great experience.

We rounded early on colorectal, 6am. This means I would be coming in around 4:30 to get numbers, and see 6-12 patients before rounds. Sometimes notes would need to be done too before rounds. Grueling, but I got used to it.

Every Wednesday we have conference from 7-8 AM. We did our AM rounds in the morning as normal. Nothing exciting, and we headed to conference. Right after conference I sit down with the fellow and the senior resident to run the list when I get a page that one of our patients, lets call her AT, is short of breath. Ok no big deal, I head over to the floor to see whats going on. She's a very pleasant 70 something year old lady who had part of her colon removed for recurrent diverticulitis. The case was straightforward, and she was post-op day #2. We had probably planned to send her home the following day. When I saw her I was shocked at how short of breath she actually was. That morning at 5am when I had seen her she was so comfortably. One of the immediate post operative causes of shortness of breath that you always worry about is a clot in the leg that formed from not walking enough after surgery and that clot breaking off and traveling to the lungs, something called a pulmonary embolus. The quick and easy way to get an idea of whats going on non-invasively is do something called a duplex scan, which I order. Her vital signs were completely stable so I wasn't really concerned about something catastrophic.

I leave her room, call my senior resident to run the plan by him, and start walking to our resident room. As I'm walking there I think in my head
"She's on heparin, right"?

Heparin is a blood thinner that we commonly use after surgery because it can help prevent blood clots in the legs. It does come with a risk of bleeding, but generally you can fix that whereas the clots/emboli can be significantly more devastating. During rounds the morning before (Tue), my attending had asked me if she was on heparin. I honestly had no idea, but told him I'd check and if she wasn't I'd start it.

"Did I remember to do that"?

I start to panic a little, and kind of half run to the resident room. I have to check the computer and see if its ordered. I log in, look at her orders.

Its not there.

I forgot...

My heart sinks. I start hyperventilating. And honestly - I'm pretty laid back most of the time. I didn't know what was happening. I all the vascular lab and beg them to do the duplex right away. I plant myself in the nurses station in front of AT's room and wait for them.

As I wait, I tell myself I'm overreacting. Its not a big deal. She's probably just a little fluid overloaded. Its not going to a clot in her legs. The vascular tech arrives, goes in the room. I start to calm down. Its all going to be ok.

I pace around the nursing station, waiting for him to finish. I'm convinced its going to be nothing.

The tech walks out of the room, and I chase him down.

"Did you find anything" I ask.

"Yup, acute clot in the left femoral vein" he says, and hands me a schematic of where her clot is.

That crushing overwhelming feeling comes back. I don't know what to think. I call my senior resident, update him. He tells me to text the attending, Dr. P. I get ahold of him, and let him know that she's short of breath, and has a DVT (the leg clot) - making it likely (but not 100%) that she has a pulmonary embolus (PE).  He agrees that she probably has a PE, and wants to get a special kind of CT scan to diagnose it. He also wants to start her on a heparin drip to presumptively treat her, all reasonable things to do. I tell him I'll take care of it and we hang up.

He then texts me
"Hey bladder whisperer, she was on heparin right?"

My heart sinks. "No actually she wasn't..."

"Wait, I thought I asked you to check yesterday?"

I didn't know what to say. All I said was "Honestly I forgot".
I was ready for the worst. I thought it was over. His response?

"Oh BW, that was a mistake".

Then silence

I felt terrible. He wasn't mad, he was disappointed. It all hit me like a ton of bricks. This was his patient, his license, his name on the line. This complication, regardless of who caused it, is his responsibility. And it was my fault. Already I felt like nothing because I felt responsible for AT's current shortness of breath, and now I was putting my team through this.

The rest of the day was a whirlwind. I still had 10 other post operative patients to take care of, discharges, consults etc. The thing about being busy is you don't have time to think. I just worked, and got through it.

But the day had to end at some point. I walk to work, and left around 7pm. The walk home I finally had some time to think, and thats when I started to get inside my head. I made it home and just broke down. I got no sleep that night, just tossing and turning. Around 2am I finally gave up, and headed into the hospital. The rest of the team had already moved on, new patients and new things to take care of. But for me it was all about AT. I couldn't stop thinking about her, stop checking in on her. I tried rationalizing it to myself, that despite the heparin she would have gotten it anyways. I tried shifting the blame to the other people who hadn't ordered it or caught the mistake. It stayed with me every second, every decision.

But life goes on. She did great on the heparin drip, and her shortness of breath resolved. She was bridged to coumadin, and planned to be discharged home. At the time of her discharge I stopped by her room to wish her luck and make sure everything was taken care of and we said our good byes.

At that point her husband stops me and says "I just want to thank you for everything you've done for me and my family". He gives me a firm handshake and says "If you are ever up in our neck of the woods look me up, I owe you a beer".

I looked down, because I knew if I looked him or his wife in the eyes they would see right through me. The thing is in my guilt I had made sure I came to see them multiple times a day, and basically was there for them the second they needed anything. From their standpoint, AT had developed a complication and I was on the frontline, the doctor who was with them and helped them through it. Dr. P didn't throw me under the bus and tell them it was my fault, all he had told them was it should have been ordered but mistakenly hadn't.

It broke my heart. Their was nothing i could say, and I mumbled a response back and got out of the room.

It took weeks for the numbness to resolve, and the incident has change me as a person. I've made many mistakes in my life, and will make many more. But the knowledge that I caused harm to someone, that someone may have lost their life and will certainly have some morbidity from a mistake I made lies heavy in my heart, even more than one year later.